H

hacker(s)

anti-authoritarianism, 40

applicability of term, 7

computer games, invention of, 186

defined, vii

encryption technologies, 87, 88–89, 103–104

entertainment, xvii

freedom of speech, 89

Internet dependent on, [185n11], 214n11

Internet invented by, 183–184

personal computers, invention of, 186

personality testing of, 103

privacy and, 89, 102–106

thought experiments of, 132–134

toasters and, 103

Unix, 5–6

World Wide Web dependent on, 184–185, [185n11], 214n11

hacker Jargon File, vii

hacker learning model, 72–76

hacker money ethic, 53–62, 59

hacker network ethic, defined, 85

hacker work ethic

activity, 106, 110, 140

capitalism and, 54–57

caring, 134–135, 140–141

creativity, 141–142, 149, 151–152

dominant values, 139–141

enthusiasm, 4

freedom, 40, 140

Genesis myth in, 150–153

information sharing, vii, 46–47

joyfulness, 4

leisure time (Sunday) in, 150–153

network society and, 7, 12–13, 177–178

openness, 140

organization of time, 32–33, 40

passion, 6, 18–19, 51, 53, 73, 139

peer recognition, 51, 74

playfulness, 4, 18–19, 32

pre-Protestant work ethic compared to, 18

Protestant work ethic compared to, 18

social life, 51–52

social worth, 140

survival, 49

work-centeredness, 61

working life (Friday) in, 150–153

hackerism, history, 178–188

Hadot, Pierre, 115

Hamill, Finnegan, 91

Hammer, Michael, 24, [24n10], 197n10

Heaven, 13, 14, 16, 17, 114

Hell, 14, [14n25], 16, 114, 151, 193n25

Helsingius, Johan, 105

Hesiod, 195n33

Hillis, Danny, 103, 132

Hochschild, Arlie Russell, Time Bind, 27–28, 29

Homebrew Computer Club, 187, 188, [188n14], 216n14

Hughes, Eric, 104

Human Genome Project, 164

human relationships, as computer networks (network metaphor), 128, 129

humans, as computers (computer metaphor), 128–129, 131

hypertext

in network society, 169–170

origin of term, 188

I

IBM

open architecture, success from, [188n16], 217n16

personal computer revolution not foreseen, 176

idleness in

modern utopias, [18n33], 195n33

Protestant work ethic, 143

industrial revolution, 156

industrialism, 156–157

industry (diligence) in

monasteries, 117

personal development (PD), 117–118

information, ownership of, 45

Information Age (Castells), 12, 21–22, 24, 30, 122

information economy

characteristics, [22n3], 196n3

creativity in, 38–39

defined, 22

organization of time in, 30–31

self-programming in, 112

information processing capacity

in genetic engineering, 164

in informationalism, 160–162

microelectronics and, 160–161

information sharing

closed systems dependent on, 59–60

in hacker work ethic, vii, 46–47

See also open academic model; open-source model; scientific communism

information technology advances, network society and, 173

informationalism

defined, 159

distributed processing, 163

genetic engineering, 159

information processing capacity, 160–162

microelectronics, 159

nation-states, 128

in network enterprises, 122, 128

in network society, 122, 158

in personal development (PD) practitioners, 128

recombination of information, 162–163

transition to, 157–158

INN (InterNetNews), [185n11], 214n11

innovation, national research laboratories and, 175

integrated circuits, 172

International Network Working Group, [184n6], 212n6

Internet

dependence on hackers, [185n11], 214n11

invention by hackers, 183–184

recombination of information, 162

in Saudi Arabia, 98

Internet Engineering Task Force, 183, [184n6], 212n6

Internet Explorer, 176, [185n11], 214n11

Internet Society, [89n8], 130, 183, 206n8

Internet Software Consortium, [185n11], 214n11

Inventing the Internet (Abatte), 183, 184

Islands of the Blessed (mythical), work on, [18n33], 195n33

J

Joy, Bill, 55, 182

joyfulness in

hacker work ethic, 4

Protestant work ethic, 19

Justin, Saint (Justin Martyr), 149

K

Kapor, Mitch, 86, 87, 93, 133, 134

Kelmendi, Bajram, 93

Kiselyova, Emma, 173

Kosovo crisis (1999), 90–96, 98

Kuhn, Thomas, 155, 163

L

Lavater, Johann Kasper, 16

Lave, Jean, [78n24], 205n24

Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, Montaillou, 34–35

Legion of Doom, [viiin4], 189n4

leisure time (Sunday)

activity and passivity in, 109

automation in, 28

in hacker work ethic, 150–153

networking (personal) in, 28

in pre-Protestant work ethic, [14n23], 149–150, 193n23

process optimization in, 28–29

time optimization of, 26–32

Lerner, Sandy, 5, 134

liberalization, 173

libertarian values, network society and, 173

Lin Yutang, 52–53

Linus's Law, xiv

Linux

copylefting, 47

development, xvii, 20, 64–66, [65n9], [66n10], 180, 201n9, 201n10

numbering system, 66

Long Now Foundation, 132–133

Lotus, 86

M

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 151

Maslow, Abraham, needs hierarchy, 48–49

Matic, Veran, 94

May, Tim, 104

McCool, Rob, [185n11], 214n11

meaning, 151

Memex, [185n8], 213n8

Merton, Robert, 46, 68

microelectronics

genetic engineering and, 163–164

information processing capacity and, 160–161

in informationalism, 159

Microsoft, 176, 180

military applications, 174–175

Milosevic, Slobodan, 90, 96

Milton, John, Paradise Lost, 143

Minix operating system, 64, 74

Minsky, Marvin, 52

Mirkovic, Sasa, 94

monasteries

control of information in, 46, 70

industry (diligence), 117

obedience, 10, 76

as precursor to Protestant work ethic, 9

result accountability, 120

role models in, 115

See also Basil, Saint; Benedict, Saint; Cassian, John

money

in network enterprises, 124–125

passion and, 57

in personal development (PD), 118

in Protestant work ethic, 20, [20n1], 196n1

money ethic. See hacker money ethic [on this page]; Protestant money ethic

Montaillou (Le Roy Ladurie), 34–35

Moore, Fred, [188n14], 216n14

Moore, French, [188n14], 216n14

Moore, Gordon, 22, 181

Moore's Law, 22–23, [23n5], 196n5

More, Thomas, [18n33], 195n33

Mosaic, 176, [185n11], 214n11

Mozilla, [185n11], 214n11