Q

"quality time," 29

R

Raymond, Eric, 5–6, 19, 33, 40, [59n21], 66, [66n10], 102, 200n21, 201n10

RealAudio, 93

recombination of information in

genetic engineering, 164–165

informationalism, 162–163

the Internet, 162

reengineering. See process optimization

religion, Protestant work ethic and, 11

remailers, 105

result accountability in

monasteries, 120

network enterprises, 125–126

personal development (PD), 119–121

Rifkin, Jeremy, End of Work, 12, 108

Riggle, David, [185n11], 214n11

Ritchie, Dennis, 183

Robbins, Anthony, Awaken the Giant Within, 112–119, [114n5], [115n9], 124–125, 128, 209n5, 210n9

Robinson Crusoe (Defoe), 17, [17n31], 194n31

Russell, Steve, Spacewar, 186

Rybczynski, Witold, Waiting for the Weekend, 26

S

Saint-Simon, Henri, 49

Salz, Rich, [185n11], 214n11

Saudi Arabia, Internet in, 98

Schneider, Wilhelm, 143–144

scientific communism

defined, 46

in network society, 60–61

See also information sharing

scientific ethic

defined, 68

open-source model compared to, 180

self-programming in

information economy, 112

network society, 169

personal development (PD), 112–113

Sendmail, [185n11], 214n11

Seven Habits of Highly Effective People (Covey), 112

Silicon Valley, 175

Sisyphus, 16, [16n28], 17, 18, 194n28

skhole, 33

Smith, Burrell, 7

social life in

hacker work ethic, 51–52

Linus's Law, xv, 47

Protestant work ethic, 50–51, 52

social recognition, in Protestant work ethic, 57

social structure, 166, 167

social worth, in hacker work ethic, 140

Socrates, [18n33], [76n19], 195n33, 203n19

Spacewar (Russell), 186

speed, stability and, 131, 134

spy links, 99

Spyglass, 176

stability

in network enterprises, 127

in personal development (PD), 116–117

in societies, 129

speed and, 131, 134

Stallman, Richard, 5, 47, 58, 181, 182

start-ups, network society and, 176–177

statism, vs. capitalism, 172–173

Stoicism, work and, 192n19

Sun Microsystems, 55, 177

Sunday (allegory of leisure time). See leisure time (Sunday)

surveillance by businesses, 99–102

survival in

hacker work ethic, 49

Linus's Law, xiv, 47

network society, 129, 131–132

Protestant work ethic, 49, 52

symposiarckhos, 76, [76n21], 205n21

synetheis, 76

synusia, 46, 68, [68n12], 202n12

T

Tannenbaum, Andrew, 64

Tartarus, 16

Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 25, [26n12], [28n14], [113n2], 197n12, 197n14, 208n2

Taylorism, 25

TCP/IP, 172, [184n6], 212n6

teachers, role of, 75–76, [76n19], [76n20], [76n21], 203n19, 204n20, 205n21

technology, 156

telephones, 31–32

television, Protestant work ethic and, 107–108

Terry, Douglas, [185n11], 214n11

Thompson, Edward, 37

Thompson, Ken, 183

time

flexibility of, 30, 32

in Protestant work ethic, 20–21

self-organization of, 33–34

time, organization of, in

hacker work ethic, 32–33, 40

information economy, 30–31

pre-Protestant work ethic, 34–35, 37

Protestant work ethic, 29–30, 35–37

Time Bind (Hochschild), 27–28, 29

time optimization

competitive advantages, [25n11], 197n11

in leisure time (Sunday), 26–32

in network society, 21, 25, 171

in working life (Friday), 21–26

toasters, hackers and, 103

toil, 14

Tomlinson, Ray, 184

Torvalds, Linus, 4, 18–19, 73–74, 180, 181

Tournier, Michel, Vendredi, 17

Tundale, Monk of Evesham, [14n25], 193n25

Turing, Alan, 181

Tux, 180

U

Ulyat, William Clarke, 16–17

universities and research centers, network society and, 175

Unix, 172, 183, [183n4], 212n4

Unix hackers, 5–6

USENET News, 172

utopias, modern, idleness in, [18n33], 195n33

V

values, dominant, in

hacker work ethic, 139–141

nation-states, 124

network enterprises, 123, 127

network society, 124, 139

personal development (PD), 113–121, 123, 127

Protestant work ethic, 113, 139

Vendredi (Tournier), 17

virtual reality, in network society, 170

Visions of Heaven and Hell Before Dante (Gardiner), [14n25], 193n25

von Neumann, John, 181

Vygotsky, S. S., [78n24], 205n24

W

Waiting for the Weekend (Rybczynski), 26

war, network society and, 174–175

Watson, James, 176

Watson, Thomas, 187

Weaving the Web (Berners-Lee), 185

Weber, Max, Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, 8, 20, 117, 123, 125

Wenger, Etienne, [78n24], 205n24

Witness, 89, 95

work

attitudes toward, in pre-Protestant work ethic, 13–15

citizenship and, 49–50, [50n9], 199n9

Islands of the Blessed (mythical) and, [18n33], 195n33

in network society, 108

in Protestant work ethic, 143–144

shorter working hours, 109

Stoicism, [10n19], 192n19

task-oriented vs. time-oriented, 37

as a value, 124

work-centeredness in

hacker work ethic, 61

Protestant work ethic, 12, 16, 29–30, 44, 50–51

work ethic. See hacker work ethic; pre-Protestant work ethic; Protestant work ethic

working life (Friday)

automation in, 25

in hacker work ethic, 150–153

networking (personal) in, 24

in pre-Protestant work ethic, 13–14

process optimization in, 24–25

in Protestant work ethic, 16, 149–150

time optimization in, 21–26

World War II, 174

World Wide Web

competitors, [185n8], 213n8

dependence on hackers, 184–185, [185n11], 214n11

functions, 162

World Wide Web Consortium, 185

Wozniak, Steve, 3, 48, 54, 87, 187–188

X

Xanadu, 162

Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), 176

XS4ALL Foundation, [89n8], 206n8

XS4ALL Internet service, 89, 93–94

Z

Zhou, Songnian, [185n11], 214n11