B (continued)

biological weapons, 212–213, 217, 221, 225–240

Biological Weapons Act (1989), 219

Biological Weapons Convention (1972), 212, 214, 228

biometric identification cards, 195

bioterrorism, 203, 211–215, 214, 217–224

bipartisanship, 291–292

Blair, Tony, 102

Blinder, Alan, 273

Boeing, 173, 270

border traffic, 187, 189

Bosnia, 252, 256

botulinum, 219

box cutters, 170

Brazil, 237

Britain, in Afghanistan, 83–85

Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 85–86

Burayda (Saudi Arabia), 113

Burns, John, 21

Bush, George H. W. (41st President), 89

Bush, George W. (43rd President)

on business with terrorists, 129

fiscal stimulus, xii, 271–272

flying police, proposal for, 173

on Muslim charities, 137

Pax Americana and, 23

provincialism, 30

on safe havens for terrorism, 260

significance of attacks to, 291

Byrne, James, 206

C

Camdessus, Michel, 311

Camp David summit meeting (2000), 26, 118, 125–126

capitalism, 307, 309–310

Carlos ("the Jackal"), 92

Carter, Ashton, 208–209

Carter, Jimmy, 85

Carville, James, 309

Casey, William, 87, 155

cash smuggling, 133

Cavallo, Domingo, 307

Center for Domestic Preparedness, 203

Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 203, 219, 237

Central Asia, 97–107, 258–259

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

accessibility of intelligence from, 190

in Afghanistan, 85–87, 90

criticisms of, 145

Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) and, 157

Directorate of Operations (DO), 148

FBI compared to, 152

millennium celebrations plot, 202

minority views of, 223

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (Continued)

North Korea, warning about, 160

public health and, 224

in war on terrorism, 205, 255

charities, Al Qaeda and, 132–133, 137, 141

Chechnya, 97, 104–106, 259, 297

chemical weapons, 220, 227

China

in Afghan resistance coalition, 86

biological weapons, 217, 226

intelligence from, 231

non-proliferation and, 238

Taliban and, 106

U.S. relations with, xiii

Chinese states, 302

"choosing sides," 28, 129, 260

Churchill, Winston, xiv, 258

Cipro, 211

Citibank, 134

civic participation, 292, 293

civil defense, 161

civil liberties, 153–154, 230, 287–289, 313

Clancy, Tom, 151

Clarke, Richard, 200

"clash of civilizations," xi, 66–67, 76, 121

class politics, 291

Clinton, Bill

on business with terrorists, 129, 136

"fire and forget" policy, 25

Israeli-Palestinian conflict, 23

Middle East policy, 311

on Rabin's assassination, 126

war on terrorism, 201

cockpit doors (in aircraft), 172–173

Cohen, William, 222

Cold War

air-defense systems in, 233

end of, 89, 242, 261–262, 296–306

fear of appeasement, 257

forward reconnaissance in, 247–248

regime change during, 260

Cole, U.S.S. See U.S.S. Cole, attack on (2000)

collision-avoidance software, 175

Committee for the Defense of Legitimate Rights (Saudi Arabia), 113

Committee on Advice and Reform, 114

Communism, collapse of, 89

Computer-Assisted Passenger Prescreening (CAPPS), 179

consequence management, 161, 237

consumer confidence, 269

Counter-Terrorism Center (CTC), 156, 201

counterterrorism, 199–209

conventional military operations and, 251–252

cooperation of foreign governments, 140

importance of, 191–192

initiatives, 201–204, 219–221

intelligence and, 155–156

strategies for, 227, 313

See also war on terrorism

Crusades, 53–54

"a cultural disease" (in U.S.), 161

D

Davos (Switzerland), 307

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), 221

Defense Authorization Act (1987), 242

Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), 152, 156

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA), 86

Deobandis, 91

Desert Storm, 23–24

deterrence, 227, 229–230

Dhahran (Khobar Towers bombings,1996), 18, 19, 114, 116, 298

dhimmis (protected peoples), 60

Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), 147, 156–158

Djibouti, 21

Downing, Wayne, 208

drones, 247

drug trafficking, 131, 303

Dubs, Adolph, 85

Dulles International Airport (D.C. area), 168

Dupree, Louis, 84

E

Egypt

in Afghan resistance coalition, 86

aid to, 22, 264–265

anti-Americanism, 22

anticolonial complex, 19

bin Laden and, 17

Islamists in, 16, 17, 48

radicals in, 43

ulama in, 19

U.S.-led coalition and, 11, 141

Westernization in, 68

Egyptian Islamic Jihad, 35, 41–42, 127

Eiffel Tower, targeted by hijackers (1994), 177

El Al Airlines, 172, 173–174, 178, 279

embassy bombings (1998), 1, 9, 93, 129, 135

Erekat, Saeb, 27

Erikson, Erik, 316

Eritrea, 21

"escape from freedom," 316

Estonia, 259

ETA (Euzkadi ta Azkatasuna), 72