J

Jalalabad, 134

Japan, 270, 276, 300

Jerusalem, 46, 57–58, 69, 266

Jews

International Islamic Front for Jihad against Jews and Crusaders, 115

Iraqi biological weapons program, 213

"Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders," 38

Muslims and, 53–54, 56, 58–59, 60

"Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders," 38

jihad (battle, "holy war"), 55, 60, 111

Joint Committee on Terrorism and Homeland Security (proposed), 207

Joint Special Operations Command, 242

Jordan, 23

just-in-time-delivery systems, 193

K

the Kaaba, 33

Kamarck, Elaine, 205

kamikaze hijacking, 160

Karimov, Islam, 97, 100

Karmal, Babrak, 85, 87

Kashmir, 103–104

Kaufman, Herbert (Red Tape), 155

Kazakhstan, 217, 228, 237

Kenya, American embassy bombing (1998)

Al Qaeda and, 1, 9, 93, 129, 135

bin Laden indictment, 115

Khan, Mulkum, 67

Khatami, Muhammad, 261

Khattab (Arab commander in Chechnya), 304–305

Khobar Towers bombings (Dhahran, 1996), 18, 19, 114, 116, 298

Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, 16, 17, 66

Kipling, Rudyard, 84

Kirmani, Aqa Khan, 67

Kissinger, Henry, 308

Kletzer, Lori, 273

knives, 168

Koran, 56–57, 58, 60

Kosovo, 246, 247, 248, 252, 256

Kurds, 24–25, 76

Kuwait, 76, 113, 299

Kyrgyzstan, 99–100

L

Laroui, Abdallah, 25–26

Latvia, 259

law enforcement, 222, 313

leadership, 291

Lewis, Bernard, 20

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Sri Lanka), 79

Libya, 217, 238, 260

Lieberman, Joseph I., 206

Lindsey, Lawrence, 143

Litan, Robert, 273

Lithuania, 259

Lockerbie (Scotland, Pam Am flight 103), 209

Logan Airport (Boston), 168

Long Beach (Calif.), port of, 186

Los Angeles International Airport, planned attack on (2000), 9–10

M

MacDill Air Force base (Fla.), 242

madness, 80, 81

madrassas (Islamic schools), 80, 91

Madrid Conference (1991), 27

Maginot line, 234, 297

Mahler, Horst, 76

major regional contingencies (MRCs), 244

market economics, 309

Maskhadov, Aslan, 304

Masoud, Ahmed Shah, 94

May, Ernest, 206

McCaffrey, Barry, 206

McVeigh, Timothy, 11, 48, 72, 121, 204, 300

medical readiness, 161

Michni Point (Pakistan), 83

Middle East, 28, 78, 311

Military Cooperation Program building (Riyadh, 1995), 1, 114

millennium celebrations, planned attacks for, 9, 115, 202

Milosevic, Slobodan, 137, 248

Mineta, Norman, 163

missile defense systems, 183

"mission creep," 99–100

modernization, 68, 77, 296, 303, 316–317

Mogadishu (Oct. 3, 1993), 250

mohajirs (Muslim immigrants), 102

Moisi, Dominique, 266

money laundering, 139, 140, 141–143, 201

Mongols, 39–40, 65

Moussaoui, Zacarias, 153

Mubarek, Hosni, 16, 35, 48

Muhammad

Christian view of, 53, 54

Hubal and, 33–35

on jihad, 60

on killing allies, 20

miraj of, 57–58

pluralism of, 55–56

mujahideen ("soldiers of God"), 86–87

mujdadid (reformer), 64, 65

Munafiqun (Hypocrites of Medina), 34

Musharraf, Pervez, 28, 98, 102–103, 137

Muslim Brotherhood (in Egypt), 34, 90

Muslims

Jews and, 53–54, 56, 58–59, 60

Mongols and, 39–40, 65

in United States, 285, 288

muwahhidun (followers of Wahhabism), 110

N

Naini, Sheikh Muhammad Husain, 68

Naipaul, V.S., 317

Najibullah, Mohammed, 87, 92

"named and shamed" countries, 138

al-Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 66

nation building, xiii, 263

National Commission on Terrorism, 149, 199

National Homeland Security Agency, 205

National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), 148, 157

National Institutes of Health, 223

National Intelligence Council, 199

National League of Cities, 203

national missile defense (NMD), 231–240, 296, 305

National Security Agency (NSA), 148, 152, 157

National Security Council, 200, 201, 207, 208, 224

nationalism, 44–45, 78

NATO, 259, 298

Netanyahu, Binyamin, 126

Nobel, Alfred, 74

Non-proliferation Treaty (1968), 228

nonjudgmentalism, 288

normalcy, 268

North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), 202

North Korea, 217, 226, 238

Northern Alliance (Afghanistan), 94–95, 97, 104, 249

nuclear non-proliferation, 228, 237, 240, 258

nuclear weapons, 225–240

O

Office of Homeland Security

effectiveness of, xiii

empowerment of, 207, 230

responsibilities, 157, 204, 237

Office of Management and Budget, 207

Office of Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict (Dept. of Defense), 177

Office of War Mobilization, 206

oil prices, 109, 119–120, 271

Oklahoma City bombing (1995), 11, 72, 200, 220, 289

Omar, Mullah Mohammad, 91

O'Neill, Paul (Treasury Secretary), 12, 141

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 138

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 119–120

organized crime, 135

Orlando International Airport (Fla.), 170

Ottoman Empire, 49