L

labour

abstention from, 41–43, 170–172, 179

evidence of, 44

handmade products vs. machine-made, 127–128, 159–162, 165

not lessened by increases in industrial efficiency, 111

priests exempt from, 123, 310–312

productive labour viewed as debasing, 36, 37–38, 346–347

of servants, 56–57, 58

See also manual labour [on this page]

Labour Day, 310

labouring classes, 35. See also inferior classes

lackeys. See personal servants

lawns, 133–134

lawyers, 231

learning

evidence of leisure, 45

honorific vs. useful, 394

knowledge of the unknowable impressive, 366–367

origins in magic ritual and shamanistic fraud, 365, 368

See also higher learning

leisure

beautiful and ennobling, 37–38

clean clothes suggest, 170–171

defined, 43

evidence of ability to pay, 84

exploit compared to, 44–45

honourable, 41, 84, 94

household duties classified as, 58–59

in inferior classes, 84–85

of the lady of the house, 57–58

a mark of gentility, 55

in pecuniary emulation, 91

purposeless leisure deprecated, 95–96

of servants, 57–58, 59–60

walking sticks evidence of, 265

See also conspicuous leisure; vicarious leisure

leisure class

addiction to sports, 271

affectations of serviceability, fondness for, 137

archaic traits conserved by, 64, 233–235, 237, 240, 241, 244, 331

ascent to, 235–237, 264

in barbarian cultures, 2, 3–4

best developed, where, 1

boys in, 252

British as standard setter for American, 144–145

childhood traits persist in, 253

class differentiation within, 76–77, 104

a conservative class, 198–201, 204, 206–207, 212–213, 244

conspicuous waste and pecuniary emulation its basis, 244

corsets in, 184–185

devout observances in, 319, 320

diligence and thrift in, 36, 237

dueling in, 249

economic processes, relationship to, 209–211

employments suitable to, 1, 2, 3, 40, 233, 247

esoteric knowledge suited to, 367

exemption from industrial employment, 1–2, 40, 54–56, 95–96, 212–213

female beauty in, 146–149

function of, 230

grounds, taste in, 135–137, 138

growth in, consequences of, 185, 187

leisure class (continued)

habitual bellicose frame of mind, 247

higher learning permeated by ideals of, 364, 374

housewife and handmaidens replaced by lady and lackey, 57

immunity from economic pressures, 198

industrial society, relationship to, 246, 319, 335, 362

instinct of workmanship compared to its canon, 259, 336

knowledge, furtherance of, 382–386, 393

knowledge of lower class life, reluctance to avow, 347

manners required, 75

martial spirit, 247, 248–249

members, 2

men, 338–339

missions of culture to the poor, 344–346

modern compared to quasi-peaceable, 94–96

non-invidious interests being accommodated, 335–336, 338–339, 341, 351, 362, 389–390

non-predatory traits in, 336, 337–338

the norm of reputability, 84, 104–105, 242–243, 360

occult, believers in, 366

origins, 7–8, 22, 39–40

patronage function (Maecenas function), 381–382

pecuniary employment an entrance to, 229, 235

personal relations paramount to, 385

predatory traits in, 336–337

prerequisites, 7–8

scheme of life, 197, 235, 246, 335–338, 340, 392

shared standard of taste, 136–137

sifting within, 246

social transformation retarded by, 193, 244

societies without, characteristics of, 6–7

subsidiary impulses of anthropomorphic cults undermine its canon, 334–335

in United States, 325, 326

utilisation of others, 12–13

virtue, standards of, 397

women, 54–58, 80, 180, 335–336, 338, 341, 342, 353

See also gentleman of leisure; spurious leisure class; vicarious leisure class

liveries, 68, 78, 79–80, 182, 183

love, 109

lower-class delinquents

addiction to sports, 271

astuteness of, 275

childhood traits persist in, 253

devout observances in, 238, 297–298, 319, 321

dueling in, 249, 250

habitual bellicose frame of mind, 247

the ideal one compared to the ideal pecuniary man, 237–238

industrial society, relationship to, 319

walking sticks, use of, 265

lower classes, 35, 84. See also inferior classes

luck, belief in

effect on intelligence needed for industrial society, 287–288

in the ideal delinquent and ideal pecuniary man, 238

nature of, 277–281

origins of, 276

M

machine-made products, handmade vs., 127–128, 159–162, 165

Maecenas function (patronage), 381–382

make-believe

in boys and sports, 256, 259

terminology from warfare a symptom, 256–257

make-believe purposeful employment, 96

Malthusian checks, 113

the manly virtues, 263, 269

manners

best expressed, where, 52

courtesy vs. code of proprieties, 52

decay in, 46

evidence of leisure, 45–46, 48–49

good repute from proficiency in, 50

intrinsic utility, 48

an outgrowth of conspicuous consumption, 75

pantomime of mastery and subservience, 47

snobbery a mimicry of, 50–51

See also gentle blood; good breeding

manual labour

in barbarian cultures, 2

French king's death from exemption from, 43

Polynesian chiefs' deaths from exemption from, 42–43

reputability of, 232

See also labour [on this page]

marriage

ownership-marriage, 23–24

wife exempted from productive labour, 54–56

masters. See gentleman of leisure

mechanicians, 329–330

Mediterranean type, 215, 217. See also brachycephalic-brunettes; dolichoblonds

men

in barbarian cultures, 3, 5

beauty in, 146

devout observances in, 324–325

dress of, 179, 183–184, 186

industrial employment, origins of, unimportance to, 4–5

leisure class, 338–339

middle class American, 325

not described as ornaments of the household (chief or otherwise), 180

as personal servants, 57

predatory pursuits their purview, 14–15

See also boys; gentleman of leisure

mercantile pursuits, 231–232

middle class

affectations of serviceability, fondness for, 137

American, devout observances in, 323–325, 329

European, devout observances in, 320

in Germanic culture, 72

grounds, taste in, 138

heads of households lack conspicuous leisure, 81

household paraphernalia examples of conspicuous consumption, 83

not leisure class, 83

wives in, 80–83, 84

mimicry

of gentility by snobbery, 50–51

of higher by lower learning institutions, 369–370

protective, 327

miserliness, 103

Morris, William, 162